MEG-14 Block-4 Short Story-I
Unit-1 Mahasweta Devi : Salt
Salt- by maha swetadevi. Translation by sarmishta dutta gupta.
Written in Bengali
1st phase - 1873-1890
Great public interest in short story in Bengal.
Later phase-
Rabindranath Tagore
Humour and satire
Pramatha Chowdhury and saratchandra chatterjee
Major themes-
Rustic life
Complexities of human relationships
Child psychology
Tradition and modernity
Women writers
The romantic wave
World war 2 and after
Post independence narratives
Mahasweta devi - born in dhaka in 1926 moved to Kolkata after 1938. Married in 1947. 1948 first son. Divorced and got remarried and divorced again.
First book - Rani of jhansi in 1956. Wali and Noti in 1957.
Awards- Amrita Puraskar in 1968, Saratchandra memorial medal in 1978, Sahitya Akademi Award in 1979.
Story from page 8 to 9
Themes-
Exploitation of innocent tribals.
Nature and human
Characters
Purti central character
Uttamchand villain
Youth community
Headman
Ekoya - the elephant
Narrative techniques
Satire
Myth
History
Science
Translation issues - using 3 names for salt in Bengal but only 1 in English.
Unit-2 Vaikom Muhammad Basheer : Birthday
Malayalam fiction writer- Vaikom Muhammad Basheer.
Story originally in Malayalam then translated in English by the author himself.
Analysis on-
Structure
Atmosphere
Characterization
Humour irony and contrast
Meaning
Vaikom Basheer 1908-1994
No education at all. Birthday is believed to be on 20jan in Kerala. Great Gandhi follower. To participate in the freedom struggle he ran to ccj in 1930 dropping all his education. Sent to jail for dandi march and beaten up by the police. So he stopped believing in ahimsa and became a follower of Bhagat Singh and others and started writing revolutionary pieces and fled the police. Played many roles and led different lives.
Was in jail for quite some time.
Awards- tamrapatra for freedom struggle, kerala sahitya akademi award in 1981, padmashree in 1982.
Self directed humour and satire which are the strongest.
Women's rights fighter
Environmentalist
Page 7-10 - all major novels and stories. List of all his writing - page 11-12.
Birthday-
Unit-3 Nirmal Verma : Birds
Unit 3- Birds by Nirmal Verma and translation by Jai Ratan.
Nimal Verma- born 1929 to 2005. First story was published in Kahaanee.
Award- sahitya akademi award in 1959, jnanpith award In 2000
Criticism against Nirmal Verma
-he is too westernised in his thinking and make up.
- unambiguous condemnation of western culture.
The title birds is symbolic of the flux of life
Characters-
Latika
Mukharjee
Hubert
Captain Negi
Julie and other girls in the hotel
The feminine and introvert approach throughout the story.
Narrative technique - the writer strictly remains detached, neutral observer. Third person voice.
Unit-4 Ismat Chughtai : Tiny's Granny
https://egyankosh.ac.in/bitstream/123456789/39684/1/Unit-4.pdf
Unit 4 - Tiny's Granny by Ismat Chughtai, translation by Ralph Russell
Originally in Urdu
Ismat Chughtai 1911-1991 most courageous and controversial woman writer. Born in UP.
Work - first book - Fasaadi in 1937, Kaghazi Hai Pairahan (autobiography), Terhi Lakeer, Lihaaf (1942) list of published work on page 7 RFB
Unit-5 Gopinath Mohanty : Tadpa
Tadpa by Gopinath Mohanti, translation by Sitakant Mahapatra
Odisha=Odras=Kalinga=Utkal. Odiya literature is 500years old.
Mohanty born in a small village called Nagabali near Cuttack In 1914. Died in 1991.
Work- 1st novel Managahirara Chasa in 1936.
Work of fiction can be divided in 3 phases-
1. During tenure years as civil servant. Novels which deal with exploitation and suffering of tribal people.
2. Lives of townsfolk.
3. Only 1 novel, an epic on Oriya village life - Danapani
Jnanpith award in 1974.
Tadpa- eponymous story of the protagonist Tadpa
Story focuses on-
1. A tribal's lack of fear
2. Importance of song and dance and togetherness
3. Acceptance of death as a sleep in the lap of Dharthi.
4. Sense of communal responsibility towards outsiders.
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